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THERMAL_BALANCE library
General description
The THERMAL_BALANCE library has been developed with a view to carrying out steady-state heat balances in typical power station systems (classic water-steam and co-generation power stations). The library contains a wide range of ready-to-use components that amply cover all the needs to model these types of systems. Pumps, compressors, valves, pipes, motors, heat exchangers, condensers, boiler/steam drums, turbines, economizers, evaporators, moisture separators, deaerators, cooling towers, electric alternators,...
In addition to water, the following working fluids are currently available in the library: air, oxygen, carbon dioxide and monoxide, helium, argon, methane, ethane, propane, butane, and sulphur dioxide. As with the components, users can easily add new fluids to the library if the analysis of their facility so requires.
Palette of symbols
Ports description
- Ambient_Air: This port type represents wet air flow connections.
- Gas: This port type represents gas flow connections.
- Shaft: This port type represents the mechanical connection, transmitted power and rotational speed.
- Water: This port type represents gas-liquid water flow connections.
Components description
- Accumulator: Accumulator.
- AirInlet: Air supply.
- Alternator: Electric generator.
- Aux_turbine: Auxiliary turbine.
- Boiler: Boiler.
- Chamber: Combustion chamber.
- Compressor: Compressor.
- Conden_SPE: Gland steam (offgas, condenser)
- Condenser: Main condenser.
- Deaerator: Deaerator.
- Dereheat: Dereheater.
- Diesel_engine: Internal combustion engine.
- Divider: Water divider.
- DrainCooler: Drain cooler.
- Drum: Drum.
- Economizer: Economizer.
- Evaporator: Evaporator.
- FeedWaterHeater: Cycle heater.
- Flash_Tank: Flash tank.
- FlowMeter: Mass flow meter.
- fuel_pool_room: Fuel pool.
- Gas_inlet: Gas inlet.
- Gas_Turbox: Gas turbine.
- General_divider: General flow divider.
- Generator: Generator.
- Gpipe_nat: Gas pipe.
- Heater: Heat exchanger.
- Hexu_mod: Heat exchanger with design.
- HX_gas_water: Gas/water heat exchanger.
- Mixer: Water flow mixer.
- Mixer_g: Gas flow mixer with enthalpy balancing.
- Mixer_gh: Gas flow mixer with enthalpy fixing.
- MoistSeparator: Moisture separator.
- Mot_valve_Cv_dat: Motor-driven valve.
- Orifice: Restriction orifice.
- P_SHAFT: Turbine shaft.
- Pipe: Water pipe.
- Pipe_fitting: Water pipe with unique features.
- Pipe_g: Gas pipe with given loss coefficient.
- Pipe_gas: Gas pipe with given pressure loss.
- Psensor: Pressure sensor.
- Pump: Pump.
- Pump_n: Pump with rpm definition.
- Radiator: Radiator.
- Reservoir: Reservoir.
- Split: Gas splitter.
- Superheater: Superheater.
- Tank: Tank.
- Tower: Cooling tower.
- Tsensor: Temperature sensor.
- Turbine: Steam turbine stage.
- Valve_Cv: Water valve.
- Valve_Cv_dat: Water valve with given Cv.
- Valve_Cv_W: Water valve with flow break.
Thermal balance examples
Solar plant with direct supply to the cycle
This model represents solar plant operation with direct supply to the cycle and, therefore, no accumulator actuation.
Solar plant with direct supply to the cycle and accumulator load
This model represents solar plant operation with direct supply to the cycle and loading the accumulators with excess energy, the cycle of which is maintained at 100% power by loading the accumulators with the excess energy supplied by the receiver.
Solar plant with supply from the accumulators
This model represents solar plant operation with supply to the cycle from the accumulators, whose controllers maintain the power at at 50% by successively positioning the accumulator outlet valves.